Chapter+20

Chapter 20 media type="custom" key="3490004"


 * The wonderful world of numerals **

The 2 categories of numerals - Cardinal Numerals - Ordinal Numerals
 * 20.1**

The Cardinal Numeral is the same as the Dutch ‘Hoofdtelwoord’. - One - Two - Twenty-one

The Ordinal Numeral is the same as the Dutch ‘Rangtelwoord’. - First - Second - Twenty-first

A or one always precede: Hundred, Thousand, Million and Billion __One hundred pounds__
 * 20.2 Cardinal Numerals**

Hundred, Thousand, Million and Billion and a preceding numeral are written as two separate words, whereas in Dutch it is written in one word. __Driehonderd = Three hundred__

After hundred, thousand, million and billion ‘and’ is used before tens and units. __Honderd drie = one hundred and three__ __Vijfduizend twee = five thousand and two__

From **two thousand** onward, English first mentions the thousands, **then** the hundreds. For numbers between 1,100 and 1,900 it is common to say: __eleven hundred, twelve hundred, ect.__ __Vierentwintighonderd = two thousand four hundred__ __Elfhonderd = eleven hundred, not one thousand one hundred__

Dutch uses full stops to separate off the thousands; English uses commas. In telephone numbers and dates the comma is not used. __1,000__ __1,500,000__ __The car was built in 1981__ __His phone number is 06-42776217. (Try calling it.)__

English uses a full stop before decimals, Dutch uses the comma. The full stop in English when it is used before decimals is pronounced as ‘point’. It is also used to separate off units of money or time. __A 8.6% rise__ __It took you 12.78 seconds__ __€1,999.99__ __4.00 pm__

The numeral 0 (nul) is pronounced as ‘oh’ in years and telephone numbers. The numeral 0 is pronounced as ‘zero’ when we are referring to temperature and science. The numeral 0 is pronounced ‘nil’ in most games, except for tennis, when it is pronounced as ‘love’. __1809__ __Five – nil__ __Love – fifteen__

The plural ‘tens’ is only used in ‘tens of thousands’. If you want to say Dutch ‘tientallen’ it is translated as ‘dozens’ __Tientallen mooie dames = dozens of babes__

Nothing much really, just add the suffix -th to the cardinal. __four-fourth, seven-seventh, eleven-eleventh, thousand-thousandth__ But, there are huge exceptions! __one - first, two - second and three - third__ and some smaller ones __five - fifth. Notice the -ve- of five is now an F. eight - eighth. Notice the T has been eaten by the suffix. nine - ninth. Pronunciation keeps the same, spelling however changes. twelve - twelfth. See 5th. twenty - twentieth. The Y changes into IE.__
 * 20.3 Ordinal Numerals**

Final two letters of the number make the figure spelling __1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd.__

Fractions: __1/4e is one fourth__ (singular because of the one) __2/3e is two third**s**__ (plural because of the two) __7/8e is seven eighth**s**__ (plural because of the sevens)

But, when followed by a singular or plural noun, this isn't yet the case anymore: - Two thirds of the __country__ **was** covered in snow - One fourth of the __students__ **were** still in bed

There are four ways to write a date: __23 January, January 23, 23rd January January 23__
 * 20.4 Dates**

Never use "the" and "of" in writing, though you can use it in speaking. Never write "on the twenty-second of February".  Write in full:

1. 14 2. 62 3. 5 4. 104 5. 693

6. 5th 7. 9th 8. 15th 9. 100th 10. 1002nd

Translate in full:

1. 23 van de beste Nederlandse voetballers gingen naar Zuid-Afrika. 2. 11/23e stond tijdens de eerste wedstrijd op het veld. 3. In de 25e minuut scoorde de nummer 9 het eerste doelpunt. 4. Al in de 31e minuut werd de stand gelijk getrokken. 5. Op 16 juni werd de tweede wedstrijd gespeeld. 6. Deze wedstrijd eindigde met 19/22e van de spelers. 7. Er waren namelijk drie man uitgestuurd. 8. Op 7 juli werden ze voor de eerste maal tot wereldkampioen uitgeroepen.

Note: Some sentences may sound unusual, even in Dutch. I tried to use the fractions in an active way.

1. Fourteen 2. Sixty-two 3. Five 4. One hundred and four 5. Six hundred and ninety-three

6. Fifth 7. Ninth 8. Fifteenth 9. Hundredth 10. Thousand and second

1. Twenty-three of the best Dutch footballers went to South Africa. 2. Eleven twenty-thirds were on the pitch at the first game. 3. In the twenty-fifth minute the number nine scored the first goal. 4. Already in the thirty-first minute the equaliser was scored. 5. On June sixteenth the second game was played. 6. This game ended with nineteen twenty-seconds of the players.

(Note from Jenny: This should be "**This game ended with nineteen of the twenty-two players."** You can't make whole people into fractions.) 7. That was because three players had been sent out. 8. On July seventh they were called world champions for the first time Note from Jenny: Also: **On July seventh they were named the world champions for the first time.** (You can use the definite article here because there have been other world champions in the past, and this status in sports continues even if new champions have been named. It's not the same as being Queen of the Netherlands.)